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Nginx处事器的常用设置进修条记

 

Nginx
    nginx [engine x] is an HTTP and reverse proxy server, a mail proxy server, and a generic TCP/UDP proxy server, originally written by Igor Sysoev. For a long time, it has been running on many heavily loaded Russian sites including Yandex, Mail.Ru, VK, and Rambler. According to Netcraft, nginx served or proxied 25.64% busiest sites in April 2016. Here are some of the success stories: Netflix, Wordpress.com, FastMail.FM.
    The sources and documentation are distributed under the 2-clause BSD-like license.
    Commercial support is available from Nginx, Inc.

Nginx处事器的常用设置进修条记

 

Nginx是一款轻量级的Web处事器/反向署理处事器电子邮件(IMAP/POP3)署理处事器,由俄罗斯工程师Igor
Sysoev开拓,供俄国大型进口网站及搜索引擎Rambler利用.其源代码以BSD-like协议宣布.
其特点是内存占用少,并发本领强,
因此被海内许多大型网站(如京东/淘宝)回收.
(主页/先容/文档).

 


编译安装

目次 描写
conf nginx设置文件
html 网页文件
logs nginx日志文件
sbin nginx可执行文件

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
启动, Nginx默认占用80端口,可在nginx.conf中变动.


Nginx信号

关于Linux信号相关常识, 可参考系列博客Linux信号实践, 在此, 我们仅先容Nginx捕捉的几个信号.

nginx can be controlled with signals.

信号名 浸染
TERM/INT fast shutdown
QUIT graceful shutdown
HUP changing configuration, keeping up with a changed time zone , starting new worker processes with a new configuration, graceful shutdown of old worker processes
USR1 re-opening log files
USR2 upgrading an executable file
WINCH graceful shutdown of worker processes

以上信号浸染亦可通过编译出的nginx二进制文件实现:

To start nginx, run the executable file. Once nginx is started,
it can be controlled by invoking the executable with the -s
parameter. Use the following syntax:
nginx -s signal


设置
"hljs-preprocessor">#运行处事的用户及用户组 
#user  nobody;
#事情历程数(一般配置为CPU数*焦点数)
worker_processes  ;
#全局错误日志(位置/级别) 
#error_log  logs/ "hljs-keyword">error.log;
#error_log  logs/ "hljs-keyword">error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/ "hljs-keyword">error.log  info;
#PID文件
#pid        logs/nginx.pid;
#事情模式及毗连数上限
events {
    # 回收epoll举办IO复用
    # use epoll;
    # 单历程所答允的最大毗连数
    worker_connections  ;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
"hljs-preprocessor">#log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
"hljs-preprocessor">#                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
"hljs-preprocessor">#                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
"hljs-preprocessor">#access_log  logs/access.log  main;
    #是否激活sendfile()函数
    sendfile        on;
"hljs-preprocessor">#将HTTP响应头压缩到一个包中发送,仅在sendfile开启时才气利用
    #tcp_nopush     on;
    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  ;
    #开启gzip模块
    #gzip  on;
    #设定虚拟主机,默认监听80端口,可设置多个
    server {
        listen       ;
        server_name  localhost;
        #charset koi8-r;
"hljs-preprocessor">#access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
        # 页面存放位置
        location / {
            # 页面存放根目次
            root   html;
            # 默认页面
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
"hljs-preprocessor">#error_page  404              /404.html;
"hljs-preprocessor"># redirect server  "hljs-keyword">error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page        /x.html;
        location = /x.html {
            root   html;
        }
"hljs-preprocessor"># proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ .php$ {
"hljs-preprocessor">#    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}
"hljs-preprocessor"># pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ .php$ {
"hljs-preprocessor">#    root           html;
"hljs-preprocessor">#    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
"hljs-preprocessor">#    fastcgi_index  index.php;
"hljs-preprocessor">#    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
"hljs-preprocessor">#    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}
"hljs-preprocessor"># deny access to .htaccess files,  "hljs-keyword">if Apache's document root
"hljs-preprocessor"># concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }
"hljs-preprocessor"># another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
"hljs-preprocessor">#    listen       somename:8080;
"hljs-preprocessor">#    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;
    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
"hljs-preprocessor">#        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}
    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
"hljs-preprocessor">#    listen       443 ssl;
"hljs-preprocessor">#    server_name  localhost;
"hljs-preprocessor">#    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
"hljs-preprocessor">#    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;
"hljs-preprocessor">#    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
"hljs-preprocessor">#    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
"hljs-preprocessor">#    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
"hljs-preprocessor">#    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
"hljs-preprocessor">#        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}
}


Server

在Nginx内可设置虚拟主机, 只需在nginx.conf中添加一个server元素:

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